The articles below were acquired from free internet access over the past 10 years while developing the EsoSure Esophageal Retractor. They cover a broad range of topics related to Atrial Fibrillation Ablation, the Esophagus, atrio-esophageal fistula formation and other complications.
You are welcome to download any or all of them as we have provided them to you in PDF format. If you are aware of other references, please share them and we will gladly add them to this list. Thank you.
Anatomy
Damian Sánchez-Quintana, MD, PhD; José Angel Cabrera, MD, PhD; Vicente Climent, MD, PhD;
Jerónimo Farré, MD, PhD, FESC; Maria Cristina de Mendonça, MD, PhD; Siew Yen Ho, PhD, FRCPath, FESC. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.551291. 2005
[8] Anatomic Relationship of the Eo and LA, Implications for LACA
Tai, Nai-Wei Hsu, Cheng-Yen Chang and Shih-Ann Chen Hsuan-Ming Tsao, Mei-Han Wu, Satoshi Higa, Kun-Tai Lee, Ching-Tai. DOI 10.1378/chest.128.4.2581 Chest 2005;128;2581-2587
[9] Anatomic Relationship of the Esophagus and Left Atrium
Hsuan-Ming Tsao, MD, Mei-Han Wu, MD, Satoshi Higa, MD, Kun-Tai Lee, MD,Ching-Tai Tai, MD, Nai-Wei Hsu, MD, Cheng-Yen Chang, MD and Shih-Ann Chen, MD
From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (Drs. Higa, Lee, Tai, and Chen), and Department of Radiology (Drs. Wu and Chang), Taipei Veterans General Hospital; and Division of Cardiology (Drs. Tsao and Hsu), I-Lan Hospital National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taiwan.
Kristina Lemola, MD; Michael Sneider, MD; Benoit Desjardins, MD; Ian Case, RT (R); Jihn Han, MD; Eric Good, DO; Kamala Tamirisa, MD; Ariane Tsemo, MD; Aman Chugh, MD; Frank Bogun, MD; Frank Pelosi, Jr, MD; Ella Kazerooni, MD; Fred Morady, MD; Hakan Oral, MD. DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000149714.31471.FD
[11] Esophageal Migration During LA Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Jihn Han, MD; Eric Good, MD; Fred Morady, MD; Hakan Oral, MD. DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000149750.18875.8C
[12] Esophageal Migration During Left Atrial Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Jihn Han, MD; Eric Good, MD; Fred Morady, MD; Hakan Oral, MD DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000149750.18875.8C
[13] Esophageal Related Anatomy Pictures
Elsivier 2006.
Ignacio Rodríguez, Juan L Lequerica, Enrique J Berjano, Maria Herrero and Fernando Hornero.
Ignacio Rodríguez et al 2007 Physiol. Meas. 28 453. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/28/5/001
[15] Evaluation of Esopohageal Migration during extensive PV Isolation for Atrial Fibrillation
Japanese Circulation Society P. 286
[16] Movement of the Esophagus During LA Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Eric Good, DO, Hakan Oral, MD (FACC), Kristina Lemola, MD, Jihn Han, MD, Kamala Tamirisa, MD, Petar Igic, MD, Darryl Elmouchi, MD, David Tschopp, MD, Scott Reich, MD, Aman Chugh, MD, Frank Bogun, MD (FACC), Frank Pelosi Jr, MD (FACC), Fred Morady, MD (FACC). Volume 46, Issue 11, Pages 2107-2110 (6 December 2005) Journal of the American College of Cardiology
[17] What are the characteristics of the normal blood supply of the esophagus?
D. Liebermann-Meffert, M. Allgower, JR. Siewert (Munich). http://www.hon.ch/OESO/books/Vol_3_Eso_Mucosa/Articles/ART003.HTML
Andrew R. Gavin, Cameron B. Singleton, and Andrew D. McGavigan
[105] Left Atrial Anatomy Relevant to Catheter Ablation
Damián Sánchez-Quintana,1 José Ramón López-Mínguez,2 YolandaMacías,1
José Angel Cabrera,3 and Farhood Saremi4
1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
2Department of Cardiology, Hospital Infanta Cristina, 06080 Badajoz, Spain
3 Department of Cardiology, Hospital Quir´on, European University of Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
4Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
Correspondence should be addressed to Dami´an S´anchez-Quintana; damians@unex.es
Received 11 March 2014; Accepted 26 May 2014; Published 24 June 2014
[106] Observation of normal appearance and wall thickness of esophagus on CT images
Xia F, Mao J, Ding J, Yang H. Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai 200032, China. tcxiafan@hotmail.com
[108] Observation of normal appearance and wall thickness of esophagus on CT images
Siew Yen Ho, PhD, FRCPath, José Angel Cabrera, MD and Damian Sanchez-Quintana, MD
Author Affiliations From the Cardiac Morphology Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom (S.Y.H.); Hospital Universitario Quirón-Madrid, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain (J.A.C.); and the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain (D.S.-Q.).
Correspondence to Siew Yen Ho, PhD, FRCPath, Cardiac Morphology Unit, Children’s Services, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney St, London SW3 6NP, UK. E-mail syenho@yahoo.com
Esophageal Complications
[18] Atrial-Esophageal Fistula after Atrial RF Catheter Ablation
Marc O. Siegel, David M. Parenti, and Gary L. Simon Division of Infectious Diseases, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2010; 51(1):73–76
Carlo Pappone, MD, PhD; Hakan Oral, MD; Vincenzo Santinelli, MD; Gabriele Vicedomini, MD; Christopher C. Lang, MB, ChB; Francesco Manguso, MD, PhD; Lucia Torracca, MD; Stefano Benussi, MD; Ottavio Alfieri, MD; Robert Hong, MD; William Lau, MD; Kirk Hirata, MD; Neil Shikuma, MD; Burr Hall, MD; Fred Morady, MD. Circulation. 2004;109:2724-2726.
[20] Atrio-Esophageal fistula in the era of Atrial Fibrillation- a review
Nair GM Nery PB, Redpath CJ, Lam BK, Birnie DH. .Can J Cardiol. 2014 Apr;30(4):388-95. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.12.012. Epub 2013 Dec 20.
1. LUIGI DI BIASE M.D. MILAN DODIG M.D. WALID SALIBA M.D. ALAN SIU M.D. JANICE SANTISI R.N. STACY POE R.N. MADHUSUDHAN SANAKA M.D. BENNIE UPCHURCH M.D. JOHN VARGO M.D. ANDREA NATALE M.D. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology Volume 21, Issue 8, pages 839–844, August 2010
[22] Complications in the Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Incidence and Management
Atsushi Takahashi, MD; Taishi Kuwahara, MD; Yoshihide Takahashi, MD. Circulation Journal Vol.73, February 2009. 221 – 226
Antonio Sorgente Gian-Battista Chierchia, Carlo de Asmundis, Andrea Sarkozy, Lucio Capulzini, and Pedro Brugada.
Europace. 2011;13(11):1526-1532.
[24] Devastating Complicatiion of Catheter Ablation of AF- Esophageal Injury
John Day, MD, FHRS, FACC. The Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm Management, 3 (2012), A9–A11
[25] Left Atrial- Esophageal Fistula After Atrial Fibrillation Radiofrequency Ablation
Uzomba R. Brigham and Women’s Hospital , Boston , MA, USA
Okumura Y, Henz BD, Bunch TJ, Dalegrave C, Johnson SB, Packer DL.J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2009 Oct;20(10):1151-7. Epub 2009 Jun 3.
Jonathan Keshishian, MD Juan Young, MD Eric Hill, MD Yasser Saloum, MD Patrick G. Brady, MD. Gastroenterology & Hepatology Volume 8, Issue 6 June 2012 411
[28] Esophageal Capsule Endoscopy After Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Luigi Di Biase, MD; Luis Carlos Saenz, MD; David J. Burkhardt, MD; Miguel Vacca, MD; Claude S. Elayi, MD; Conor D. Barrett, MD; Rodney Horton, MD; Rong Bai, MD; Alan Siu, MD; Tamer S. Fahmy, MD; Dimpi Patel, DO; Luciana Armaganijan, MD; Chia Tung Wu, MD; Sonne Kai, MD; Ching Keong Ching, MD; Karen Phillips, MD; Robert A. Schweikert, MD; Jennifer E. Cummings, MD; Mauricio Arruda, MD; Walid I. Saliba, MD; Milan Dodig, MD; Andrea Natale, MD. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2009;2:108-112;
[29] Esophageal Heating is not Limited to Left Atrial Ablation
W. Kevin Tsai, MD; Jacob Koruth, MD; Vivek Y. Reddy, MD. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2014;7:178-179.
[30] Esophageal Injury During Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
R. Christopher Jones, MD. Medscape for Nurses- http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/505392
[31] Esophageal Perforation, Rupture and Tears
Author: Corey M Long, MD, Resident, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York University Medical Center Coauthor(s): Ugo Anthony Ezenkwele, MD, MPH, Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University School of Medicine/Bellevue Hospital Center. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/775165-overview
Martin Schmidt, Georg Nolker, Harald Marschang, Klaus-Jurgen Gutleben, Volker Schibgilla, Harald Rittger, Anil-Martin Sinha, Guido Ritscher, Dirk Mayer, Johannes Brachmann, and Nassir F. Marrouche. Europace (2008) 10, 205–209doi:10.1093/europace/eun001
[33] Left Atrioesophageal Fistula after PV Isolation
Andre D’Avila, MD; Leon M. Ptaszek, MD, PhD; Paul B. Yu, MD, PhD; Jennifer D. Walker, MD; Cameron Wright, MD; Peter A. Nosworthy, MD; Andrea Myers, MD, PhD; Marwan Refaat, MD; Jeremy N. Ruskin, MD. Circulation. 2007;115:e432-e433.
Ulrich Halm, Thomas Gaspar, Markus Zachäus, Stephan Sack, Arash Arya, Christopher Piorkowski, Ingrid Knigge, Gerhard Hindricks and Daniela Husser. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 105, 551-556 (March 2010) doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.625
[99] Atrioesophageal fistula following ablation procedures for AF- Systematic review of case reports
Chavez P, Messerli FH, Casso Dominguez A, et al. Atrioesophageal fistula following ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation: systematic review of case reports. Open Heart 2015;2:e000257. doi:10.1136/openhrt-2015-000257
[101] Damage to the Esophagus After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Received October 19, 2009; accepted February 16, 2010.
From the Department of Cardiology and Angiology (S.Z., K.W., G.M., J.K., P.M., A.B., G.B., L.E.) and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (H.U., F.L., T.M., W.D.), University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; and the German Atrial Fibrillation Competence NETwork (G.B.). Drs Zellerhoff, Ullerich, and Lenze contributed equally to this study. The online-only Data Supplement is available with this article at http://circep.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/CIRCEP.109.915918/DC1. Correspondence to Prof Dr med Lars Eckardt, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik C, Kardiologie und Angiologie, Rhythmologie, Universitatsklinikum Munster, D-48149 Munster, Germany. E-mail lars.eckardt@ukmuenster.de
UniversitatPolitècnicade València, Valencia, Spain, Hospital Cardiologico, Florianopolis –SC, Brazil, Regional Cardiology Associates and Mercy Heart and Vascular Institute, Sacramento, CA, USAJuan J. Pérez, MS, PhD, Andre d’Avila, MD, PhD, ArashAryana, MS, MD, and Enrique Berjano, MS, PhD
From the Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center (P.V., P.N., G.D.), Wilkes-Barre, Pa; Mercy Hospital (V.G., K.C.), Scranton, Pa; and Virginia Commonwealth University Health System (K.A.E.), Richmond, Va. Correspondence to Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman, MD, Cardiac Electrophysiology, GWV Medical Center, MC 36–10, Wilkes-Barre, PA 18711. E-mail pvijayaraman1@geisinger.edu (Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol. 2009;2:e31-e33.)
[114] AEF Clinical Presentation, Procedural Characteristics- 2017
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2017;10:e005579. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCEP.117.005579. Correspondence to: Han S. Lim, Department of Cardiology, Austin Hospital, Level 5N, 145 Studley Rd, Heidelberg 3084, Victoria, Australia. E-mail hanlimdr@gmail.com
[115] AEF following Abl procedures for AF- systematic review of case reprots- 3-2015
Chavez P, Messerli FH, Casso Dominguez A, et al. Atrioesophageal fistula following ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation: systematic review of case reports. Open Heart 2015;2:e000257. doi:10.1136/openhrt-2015- 000257
Received 1 March 2015
Revised 12 May 2015
Accepted 2 June 2015
[116] Atrial-oesophageal fistula following percutaneous RF CA of AF- 2017
1Clinica de Ritmologia Cardiaca do Hospital Beneficeˆncia Portuguesa de Sa˜o Paulo, Sa˜o Paulo, SP, Brazil; 2Clı´nica Sa˜o Vicente and Hospital Universita´rio da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; 3Hospital Copa D’or – Rede D’or Sa˜o Luiz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; 4Hospital Pro´-Cardı´aco, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; 5Hospital Sa˜o Lucas da Pontificia Universidade Cato´ lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; 6Hospital Sa˜o Lucas e Hospital Primavera, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; 7Hospital da UNIMED – RJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; and 8Instituto do Corac¸a˜o da Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Sa˜o Paulo, SP, Brazil Received 18 April 2016; accepted after revision 2 August 2016;
Aims Atrial-oesophageal fistula is a serious complication related to ablation of atrial fibrillation. As its occurrence is rare, there is a great lack of information about their mechanisms, incidence, presentations, and treatment. The objective of this manuscript is to present a series of cases of atrial-oesophageal fistula in Brazil, focusing on incidence, clinical presentation, and follow-up.
Methods and results
This is a retrospective multicentre registry of atrial-oesophageal fistula cases that occurred in eight Brazilian centres from 2003 to 2015. Ten cases (0.113%) of atrial-oesophageal fistula were reported in 8863 ablation procedures in the period. Most of the subjects were male (70%) with age 59.6+9.3 years. Eight centres were reference units in atrial fibrillation ablation with an experience over than 200 procedures at the time of fistula occurrence. Oesophageal temperature monitoring was performed in eight cases using coated sensors in six. The first atrial-oesophageal fistula clinical manifestation was typically fever (in six patients), with a median onset time of 16.5 (12–43) days after ablation. There was a delay of 7.8+3.3 days between the first manifestation and the diagnosis in five patients. The treatment was surgical in six cases, clinical in three and stenting in one. Seven patients died (70%) and two developed permanent neurological sequelae.
Conclusion Atrial-oesophageal fistula remains a serious complication following AF ablation despite the incorporation of protective measures and increased technical experience of the groups. The high morbidity and mortality despite the treatment indicates the need to develop adequate preventive strategies.
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Keywords Atrial-oesophageal fistula † Atrial fibrillation † Radiofrequency catheter ablation
Introduction
Percutaneous catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological treatment of this arrhythmia, becoming applied worldwide. Complications, however, related to the procedure are not negligible and atrial-oesophageal fistula (AEF) is one of the most serious of these, due to high morbidity and mortality.1 Despite the incorporation of different technological resources and strategies over time, aimed to improve oesophageal protection, the incidence of AEF remains apparently stable, the gravity of manifestation remains unchanged, and treatment measures remain controversial. 2 – 4 Its rare occurrence, approximately one case in 1000–3000 treated patients,1 – 4 makes it difficult to study the understanding of AEF physiopathology, identification of the risk factors, the adoption of effective preventive measures, as well as the development of appropriate therapeutic * Corresponding author. Tel: +55 11 2661 5341; fax: +55 11 2661 5312. E-mail address: mauricio.scanavacca@gmail.com Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. & The Author 2016. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com. doi:10.1093/europace/euw284 online publish-ahead-of-print 6 October 2016
[117] Atrio-Esophageal Fistula After AF Abl- Pathophysiology, Prevention and Rx- 2013
Carlo Pappone MD, Gabriele Vicedomini MD, Vincenzo Santinelli MD
GVM Research and Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy.
[118] Characteristics of AF patients suffering AEF after RF CA- 2018
Yun Gi Kim MD Jaemin Shim MD Dong‐Hyeok Kim MD Jong‐Il Choi MD Sang‐Weon Park MD Hui‐Nam Pak MD Young‐Hoon Kim MD
First published: 21 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.13671 Cited by: 3
[119] Complications in Catheter Ablation of AF in 3,000 Consecutive Procedures- 2017.full
JACC: CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY VOL. 3, NO. 2, 2017
2017 BY THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY FOUNDATION
PUBLISHED BY ELSEVIER
ISSN 2405 – 500X / $36.00
HTTP:/ /dx .doi.org /10 .1016 / j . jacep. 2016 .07.002
K.R. Julian Chun, MD, Laura Perrotta, MD, Stefano Bordignon, MD, Jan Khalil, MD, Daniela Dugo, MD, Athanasios Konstantinou, MD, Alexander Fürnkranz, MD, Boris Schmidt, MD
[120] Complications of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Carlo PAPPONE, MD, PhD, FACC. Vincenzo SANTINELLI, MD. Department of Arrhythmology, Villa Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Ravenna, ITALY. Address for correspondence Carlo Pappone, MD. Villa Maria Cecilia HospitalVia Corriera 1 48010 COTIGNOLA cpappone@gvm-vmc.it
[121] Eso Injury and AEF Caused by Abl for AF- 2017
Circulation. 2017;136:1247–1255. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.025827
Gregory F. Michaud, MD, Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Dr, Nashville, TN 37232. E-mail gregory.michaud@vanderbilt.edu
[122] Incidence of Oeso wall injury post PV Antrum Isolation for RX of Patients- 2007
Martin Schmidt1*, Georg No¨lker1, Harald Marschang1, Klaus-Ju¨rgen Gutleben1, Volker Schibgilla1, Harald Rittger1, Anil-Martin Sinha1, Guido Ritscher1, Dirk Mayer2, Johannes Brachmann1, and Nassir F. Marrouche3 1Division of Cardiology, Klinikum Coburg, Coburg, Germany; 2Division of Gastroenterology, Klinikum Coburg, Coburg, Germany; and 3Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA Received 2 July 2007; accepted after revision 28 December 2007
[123] Massive Air Embolism caused by an AEF following PVI- 11-2018
Traykov V, Kirova G, Karagyozov P, Marchov D, Kaninski G, Gelev V, Massive air embolism caused by an atrio-esophageal fistula following isolation of the pulmonary veins for atrial fibrillation, HeartRhythm Case Reports (2018), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrcr.2018.11.003.
[124] Prevalence and prevention of Eso injury during AF ablation- 2018
2018 Jun 14. doi: 10.1093/europace/euy121. [Epub ahead of print]
Prevalence and prevention of oesophageal injury during atrial fibrillation ablation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ha FJ1, Han HC1,2, Sanders P3, Teh AW1,2, O’Donnell D1, Farouque O1,2, Lim HS1,2,4.
[125] Risk of AEF formation with contact force sensing catheters- 2018
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.04.024
Eric Black-Maier, MD, Sean D. Pokorney, MD, MBA, Adam S. Barnett, MD, Emily P. Zeitler, MD, MHS, Albert Y. Sun, MD, Kevin P. Jackson, MD, FHRS, Tristram D. Bahnson, MD, FHRS, James P. Daubert, MD, FHRS, Jonathan P. Piccini, MD, MHS, FHRS From the Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, Duke Center for Atrial Fibrillation, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
Prevention
Scazzuso FA, Rivera SH, Albina G, de la Paz Ricapito M, Gómez LA, Sanmartino V, Kamlofsky M, Laiño R, Giniger A.Department of Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias, Cardiology Division, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address: fscazzuso@icba.com.ar.
John L. Drago, Fethi Kilicaslan and Andrea NataleJohannes Brachmann, Jens Gunther, Volker Schibgilla, Atul Verma, MarkAlain Dery,Jennifer E. Cummings, Robert A. Schweikert, Walid I. Saliba, J. David Burkhardt,Circulation 2005;112;459-464; originally published online Jul 18, 2005;
[69] Best Practices for Avoiding Esophageal Injury: Interview with Dr. Vivek Reddy
EP Lab Digest Issue Number: Volume 14 – Issue 5 – May 2014. Interview with Vivek Reddy, MD
[70] Continuous nonfluoroscopic localization of the esophagus during RF Catheter Ablation
AI Sherzer, DY Feigenblum, S Kulkarni, JW Pina, JL Casey, KA Salka, GR Simons. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol (2007) 18: 157-60.
Ryuichi Maenosono (MT)Naoya Oketani (MD), Sanemasa Ishida (MD), Yasuhisa Iriki (MD), Hitoshi Ichiki (MD), Hideki Okui (MD), Yuichi Ninomiya (MD), Shuichi Hamasaki (MD, FJCC), Fuminori Namino (MT), Masakaze Matsushita (MT), Chuwa Tei (MD, FJCC), Teruto Hashiguchi (MD). Journal of Cardiology 60 (2012) 119–125
[72] Electrical and Thermal Effects of Eso Temp Probes on RF Catheter Abl of AF
Juan J. Pérez, MS, PhD, Andre d’Avila, MD, PhD, ArashAryana, MS, MD, and Enrique Berjano, MS, PhD
Martinek M, Bencsik G, Aichinger J, Hassanein S, Schoefl R, Kuchinka P, Nesser HJ, Purerfellner H. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2009 Jul;20(7):726-33. Epub 2009 Feb 2.
[74] Esophagus Injury During RF Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation- Can It Be Prevented
Steven Greenberg, MD, FCCP and Jose Nazari, MD. Official Journal of the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation
[76] Esophageal imaging and strategies for avoiding injury during LA ablation for AF
Ren JF1, Lin D, Marchlinski FE, Callans DJ, Patel V.Heart Rhythm. 2006 Oct;3(10):1156-61. Epub 2006 Jun 15
[77] Esophageal Injury and Temperature Monitoring During Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Sheldon M. Singh, MD; Andre d’Avila, MD; Shephal K. Doshi, MD; William R. Brugge, MD; Rudolph A. Bedford, MD; Theofanie Mela, MD; Jeremy N. Ruskin, MD; Vivek Y. Reddy, MD. Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol. 2008;1:162-168
[78] Esophageal Temperature Monitoring- Video Link
http://www.innovationsincrm.com/webcasts/af-innovations-2012
[79] Incidences of Esophagus injury during Esophageal Temperature monitoring – a comparative study…
Journal of Interventional Cardiac ElectrophysiologyApril 2014, Volume 39, Issue 3, pp 251-257
First online: 16 February 2014Taishi Kuwahara, Atsushi Takahashi, Yoshihide Takahashi, Kenji Okubo, Katsumasa Takagi, Tadashi Fujino, Shigeki Kusa, Masateru Takigawa, Yuji Watari, Kazuya Yamao, Emiko Nakashima, Naohiko Kawaguchi, Hiroyuki Hikita, Akira Sato, Kazutaka Aonuma
[80] Intracardiac US for esophagus anatomic assessment and localization during LA Ablation for AF
Bunch TJ, May HT, Crandall BG, Weiss JP, Bair TL, Osborn JS, Anderson JL, Muhlestein JB, Lappe DL, Johnson DL, Day JD. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2013 Jan;24(1):33-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2012.02441.x. Epub 2012 Oct 15.
[81] Limitations of Esophagus Temperature Monitoring to Prevent Esophagus Injury Druing AF Ablation
Hiroshi Nakagawa, MD, PhD; Kenneth A. Seres, MD; Warren M. Jackman, MD. Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol. 2008;1:150-152.
[82] Limiting esophageal temperature in RF Ablation of LA Tachyarrhythmias
Armin Sause, Osman Tutdibi, Karsten Pomsel, Wilfried Dinh, Reiner Füth, Mark Lankisch,Thomas Glosemeyer-Allhoff, Jan Janssen, Micheal Müller. Sause et al. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2010, 10:52 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2261/10/52
[83] Measuring LET during PVI of Atrial Fibrillation
Daisuke Sato, Kunihiro Teramoto, Hiroki Kitajima, Naoto Nishina, Yoshitomi Kida, Hiroki Mani, Masahiro Esato, Yeong-Hwa Chun, Toshiji Iwasaka. World J Cardiol 2012 May 26; 4(5): 188-194ISSN 1949-8462 (online)
[84] Prevention of AE fistula after catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Dagres N, Anastasiou-Nana M. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2011 Jan;26(1):1-5. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0b013e328341387d.
Philipp Sommer and Gerhard Hindricks. Europace Advance Access published May 14, 2010
[87] Prevention of esophageal thermal injury during radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation
Enzhao Liu & Michael Shehata & Tong Liu & Allen Amorn & Eugenio Cingolani & Vinod Kannarkat & Sumeet S. Chugh & Xunzhang Wang. J Interv Card Electrophysiol (2012) 35:35–44
[88] Strategies to Minimize the Risk of Esophageal Injury During LACA
Tristram D. Bahnson, M.D.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2009;32(2):248-260.
[89] Strategies to Prevent Esophageal Injury During Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
MOSSAAB SHURAIH, MD, MELISSA FREDERICK, MD, KALYANAM SHIVKUMAR, MD, PhD and ERIC BUCH, MD. The Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm Management, 3 (2012), 719–726
Conces DJ Jr1, Tarver RD, Lappas JC.J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1988 Mar-Apr;12(2):202-5.
[96] Esophageal Fistula Formation Despite Monitoring
From the Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center (P.V., P.N., G.D.), Wilkes-Barre, Pa; Mercy Hospital (V.G., K.C.), Scranton, Pa; and Virginia Commonwealth University Health System (K.A.E.), Richmond, Va.
Correspondence to Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman, MD, Cardiac Electrophysiology, GWV Medical Center, MC 36–10, Wilkes-Barre, PA 18711. E-mail pvijayaraman1@geisinger.edu (Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol. 2009;2:e31-e33.)
Europace. 2014 Sep;16(9):1304-8. doi: 10.1093/europace/euu062. Epub 2014 May 12. Gavin AR, Singleton CB, McGavigan AD.
Journal of Arrhythmia. Immediate discontinuation of ablation during pulmonary vein isolation remarkably decreases the incidence of esophageal thermal lesions even when using steerable sheaths. NorikazuWatanabe,MDa,n, YutaChiba,MDa, YoshimiOnishi,MDa, ShiroKawasaki,MDa, YumiMunetsugu,MDa, YoshimasaOnuma,MDa, HiroyukiItou,MDa, TatsuyaOnuki,MDa, YoshinoMinoura,MDa, TaroAdachi,MDa, MitsuharuKawamura,MDa, TakuAsano,MDa, Kaoru Tanno,MDa, YutarouKubota,MDb, KazuoKonishi,MDb, YouichiKobayashi,MDa a Department ofCardiology,ShowaUniversitySchoolofMedicine,1-5-8Hatanodai,Shinagawa-ku,Tokyo142-8666,Japan b Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit Showa University School of Medicine,1-5-8Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo142-8666, Japan
Impact of esophageal temperature monitoring guided atrial fibrillation ablation on preventing asymptomatic excessive transmural injury. Journal of Arrhythmia32(2016)36–41.
[127] Comparison of two different Eso TPs for cryoballoon ablation of AF- 10-2018
Weitensteiner, V & Hartl, Stefan & Pongratz, J & Brück, B & Dorwarth, U & Straube, Florian & Hoffmann, Ellen. (2018). Comparison of two different esophageal temperature probes for cryoballoon ablation of atrial fibrillation. 10.1007/s00392-018-1357-. Associates and Mercy Heart and Vascular Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
[128] Electrical and Thermal Effects of Eso TPs on RF Catheter Abl of AF-
Juan J. Pérez, MS, PhD1, Andre d’Avila, MD, PhD2, ArashAryana, MS, MD3, and Enrique Berjano, MS, PhD4. 1,4 UniversitatPolitècnicade València, Valencia, Spain, 2Hospital Cardiologico, Florianopolis –SC, Brazil, 3Regional Cardiology Associates and Mercy Heart and Vascular Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
[129] Eso Capsule Endoscopy After RF CA for AF 2009
Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol. 2009;2:108-112. Luigi Di Biase, MD; Luis Carlos Saenz, MD; David J. Burkhardt, MD; Miguel Vacca, MD; Claude S. Elayi, MD; Conor D. Barrett, MD; Rodney Horton, MD; Rong Bai, MD; Alan Siu, MD; Tamer S. Fahmy, MD; Dimpi Patel, DO; Luciana Armaganijan, MD; Chia Tung Wu, MD; Sonne Kai, MD; Ching Keong Ching, MD; Karen Phillips, MD; Robert A. Schweikert, MD; Jennifer E. Cummings, MD; Mauricio Arruda, MD; Walid I. Saliba, MD; Milan Dodig, MD; Andrea Natale, MD
[130] Eso Injury and Temp Monitoring During AF Abl- 2008
Sheldon M. Singh, MD; Andre d’Avila, MD; Shephal K. Doshi, MD; William R. Brugge, MD; Rudolph A. Bedford, MD; Theofanie Mela, MD; Jeremy N. Ruskin, MD; Vivek Y. Reddy, MD. Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol. 2008;1:162-168.
[131] Eso T Monitoring During RF Abl of AF- A Meta-Analysis- 2016
Ketan Koranne 1, Indranill Basu-Ray 1, Valay Parikh 2, Mark Pollet 1, Suwei Wang 1, Nilesh Mathuria 1, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy 2, Jie Cheng 1. 1Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Texas Heart Institute and Baylor CHI St Luke’s Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; 2Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Hospital & Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
Dec 2016 – Jan 2017| Volume 9| Issue 4. JAFIB
[132] Higher incidence of Eso lesions after Abl of AF related to the use of Eso TPs- 2015
Heart Rhythm. 2015 Jul;12(7):1464-9. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.04.005. Epub 2015 Apr 3. Müller P1, Dietrich JW2, Halbfass P3, Abouarab A3, Fochler F3, Szöllösi A3, Nentwich K3, Roos M3, Krug J3, Schade A3, Mügge A2, Deneke T4.
[133] How Can We Reduce the Incidence of AEF- PATIL and SPRAGG- 9-2017
Article in Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 29(10) · July 2018 DOI: 10.1111/jce.13695
[134] LET Monitoring to Reduce Eso Thermal Injury During CA for AF- A Review- 9-2018
Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2018 Sep 19. pii: S1050-1738(18)30210-X. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2018.09.010.
[135] Luminal Eso Temp Monitoring With a Deflectable Eso TP and ICE- 2011
From the Instituto Brasília de Arritmia (L.R.L., S.N.S., H.M., B.D.H., F.G., A.O., A.R.Z., A.K.P., C.N., J.R.B., F.V.), Brasilia, Brasil; Cardiac Arrhythmia Service–Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.d’A.), New York, NY; and Schulich Heart Program (S.M.S.), Division of Cardiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The online-only Data Supplement is available at http://circep.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/CIRCEP.110.960328/DC1. Correspondence to Sheldon M. Singh, MD, Schulich Heart Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, 2075 Bayview Ave, Room A222, Toronto, ON, Canada, M4N 3M5. E-mail sheldon.singh@sunnybrook.ca
[136] Reliability of luminal Oeso Temp Monitoring during RF Abl of AF- 2017
Sven Knecht1,2*, Christian Sticherling1,2, Tobias Reichlin1,2, Aline Mu¨ hl1,2, Nikola Pavlovic´ 3, Beat Schaer1,2, Stefan Osswald1,2, and Michael Ku¨hne1,2 1Cardiology/Electrophysiology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; 2CRIB Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland; and 3University Hospital Centre ‘Sisters of Mercy’, Zagreb, Croatia. doi:10.1093/europace/euw129. Europace (2017) 19, 1123–1131
[137] Sequelae After AF Ablation- Efficacy and Safety go Hand- 2011
Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal (ISSN 0972-6292), 12 (4): 171-179 (2012)
Yves De Greef, MD1, R. Tavernier, MD2, M. Duytschaever, MD, PhD2,3 1Department of Cardiology, Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute Middelheim, Belgium 2Department of Cardiology, Sint Jan Hospital Bruges, Belgium 3University Hospital of Ghent, Belgium Address for Correspondence: Dr.Yves De Greef, ZNA Middelheim, Department of Cardiology Lindendreef 1, 2020 Antwerpen (Belgium). E-mail: yvesdgr/at/gmail.com
Mechanical Deflection
[40] A Mechanical Esophageal Displacement During CA for AF
Koruth JS, Reddy VY, Miller MA, Patel KK, Coffey JO, Fischer A, Gomes J, Dukkipati S, D’Avila A, Mittnacht A. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2012 Feb;23(2):147-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02162.x. Epub 2011 Sep 13.
[41] Deviating the Esophagus in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation- Video
A youtube video of the esophagus being deviated. Dr. Vivek Reddy, MD
[42] Primer on Moving the Esophagus
Steve Miller, RN, BSN.
[43] Mechanical displacement of the esophagus in patients undergoing LA Ablation of AF
Aman Chugh, MD, Joel Rubenstein, MD, Eric Good, DO, Matthew Ebinger, DO, Krit Jongnarangsin, MD, Jackie Fortino, RN, Frank Bogun, MD, Frank Pelosi Jr., MD, Hakan Oral, MD, Timothy Nostrant, MD, Fred Morady, MD. Heart Rhythm Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages 319-322 March 2009.
[44] Mechanical Esophageal Deflection During Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
BENGT HERWEG, NANCY JOHNSON, GILBERT POSTLER, ANNE B. CURTIS, S. SERGE BAROLD, and ARZU ILERCIL. PACE,Vol. 29 September 2006
[45] Mechanical esophageal displacement during catheter ablation for AF
Koruth JS, Reddy VY, Miller MA, Patel KK, Coffey JO, Fischer A, Gomes JA, Dukkipati S, D’Avila A, Mittnacht A. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2012 Feb;23(2):147-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02162.x. Epub 2011 Sep 13.
José Carlos Pachón Mateos, PhD, Enrique I Pachón Mateos, MD, Tomas G Santillana Peña, MD, Tasso Julio Lobo, MD, Juán Carlos Pachón Mateos, PhD, Remy Nelson A Vargas, MD, Carlos Thiene C Pachón, MD, and Juán Carlos Zerpa Acosta, MD. Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery. 2015 Mar-Apr; 30(2): 139–147.
[47] Transverse Shifting of the Esophagus with Repositioning Helped Achieve a Successful PVI
Koichiro Ejima, Morio Shoda , Keisuke Futagawa, Ryusuke Kimura, Tetsuyuki Manaka, Nobuhisa Hagiwara, Hiroshi Kasanuki. Case Repor tHeart and Vessels July 2009, Volume 24, Issue 4, pp 317-319 First online: 22 July 2009.
Mechanical esophageal deviation: an approach for pulmonary vein reconnection attributed to esophageal heating Jorge G.Panizo,MD, JacobS.Koruth,MD, VivekY.Reddy,MD From the Helmsley Electrophysiology Center, Mount Sinai Medical Center, NewYork, NewYork.
General Afib Esophageal Information
[35] Updated Worldwide Survey on the Methods, Efficacy & Safety of Catheter Abl for Human AF
Riccardo Cappato, MD; Hugh Calkins, MD; Shih-Ann Chen, MD; Wyn Davies, MD; Yoshito Iesaka, MD; Jonathan Kalman, MD; You-Ho Kim, MD; George Klein, MD; Andrea Natale, MD; Douglas Packer, MD; Allan Skanes, MD; Federico Ambrogi, PhD; Elia Biganzoli, PhD. The online-only Data Supplement is available at http://circep.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/CIRCEP.109.859116/DC1.
[36] 33 AF Video Presentations from the 2012 AF Symposium
http://www.innovationsincrm.com/webcasts/af-innovations-2012
[37] How to Follow Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Mário M. Oliveira, MD, PhD, FESC, FHRS. www.jafib.comOct-Nov, 2014 | Vol-7 | Issue-3
Journal of Arrhythmia31(2015)12–17
[39] Management of Patients with AF- Specific Considerations for the Old Age
LaurentM. Haegeli and Firat Duru. SAGE-Hindawi Access to ResearchCardiology Research and PracticeVolume 2011, Article ID 854205, 8 pagesdoi:10.4061/2011/854205
[126] Updated Worldwide Survey on the Methods, Efficacy, and safety of CA of AF- 2010
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2010;3:32-38. Received February 18, 2009; accepted November 11, 2009.
From the Arrhythmias and Electrophysiology Center (R.C.), IRCCS, Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (H.C.), Baltimore, Md; Veterans General Hospital (S.-S.C.), Taipei, Taiwan; St Mary’s Hospital (W.D.), London, United Kingdom; the Cardiovascular Center (Y.I.), Tsuchiura Kyodo Hospital, Tsuchiura Ibaraki, Japan; Royal Melbourne Hospital (J.K.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; the Cardiology Department (Y.-H.K.), Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; the Department of Cardiology (G.K., A.S.), University Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada; Texas Arrhythmia Institute (A.N.), St David’s Medical Center, Austin, Tex; the Division of Cardiology (D.P.), Mayo Foundation–St Mary Hospital, Rochester, Minn; Institute of Medical Statistics and Biometry “G.A. Maccacaro” (F.A., E.B.), Universita` degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. The present article reports on a clinical trial
Treating Injured Esophagus
[92] Prophylactic Proton Pump Inhibition After AFib Ablation
Stephan Zellerhoff; Frank Lenze; Lars Eckardt. Europace. 2011;13(9):1219-1221.
[93] Saving the Esophagus Saving the Patient
The Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm Management, 3 (2012), 879–880
CHRISTOPHER R. ELLIS, MD, MEGAN M. STREUR, NP, ANDREW W. SCHARF, MD and JONATHAN C. NESBITT, MD. The Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm Management, 3 (2012), 874–878
[95] Atrial-Esophageal Fistula after Atrial Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation
Atrial-Esophageal Fistula after Atrial Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation Marc O. Siegel, David M. Parenti, and Gary L. Simon. Division of Infectious Diseases, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC
LUIGI DI BIASE M.D.1,5,6, MILAN DODIG M.D.2, WALID SALIBA M.D.4, ALAN SIU M.D.2,3, JANICE SANTISI R.N.2,. STACY POE R.N., MADHUSUDHAN SANAKA M.D., BENNIE UPCHURCH M.D., JOHN VARGO M.D. and ANDREA NATALE M.D. Article first published online: 16 FEB 2010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01732.x Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology Volume 21, Issue 8, pages 839–844, August 2010
[103] Esophageal Capsule Endoscopy After Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Received August 15, 2008; accepted February 11, 2009.
From the Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute at St David’s Medical Center (L.D.B., D.J.B., R.H., A.N.), Austin, Tex; the Department of Cardiology (L.D.B.), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; the Cleveland Clinic (L.D.B., C.S.E., C.D.B., R.B., A.S., T.S.F., D.P., L.A., C.T.W., S.K., C.K.C., K.P., R.A.S., J.E.C., M.A., W.I.S., M.D.), Cleveland, Ohio; Stanford University (A.N.), Palo Alto, Calif; and the Fundation Cardio Infantil (L.C.S., M.V.), Bogota, Colombia.
Correspondence to Andrea Natale, MD, St David’s Medical Center, 1015 East 32nd Street, Austin, TX 78705. E-mail dr.natale@gmail.com
Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol is available at http://circep.ahajournals.org DOI: 10.1161/CIRCEP.108.815266.
[138] Treatment strategy for treating AEF- Eso stenting or surgical repair 2016
Bing Zhou, MDa, Xue-Jiang Cen, MDb, Lin-Yan Qian, MDb, Jie Pang, MDb, Hai Zou, MDb,∗, Ya-Hui Ding, MDb,∗
Editor: Zhonghua Sun.
Co-first author: BZ and X-JC. a Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, b Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China. ∗ Correspondence: Ya-Hui Ding and Hai Zou, Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China (e-mail: dyh@zjheart.com [Y-HD] and zjhaire1993@163.com [HZ]). Copyright © 2016 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Medicine (2016) 95:43(e5134)
Received: 30 April 2016 / Received in final form: 3 August 2016 / Accepted: 23
September 2016
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005134
Ablation Therapies
[1] Catheter Contact Force- Review of Technologies
CHRISTIAN SOHNS, MD, STEVEN WILLIAMS, MRCP, HENRY CHUBB, MRCP, MATT WRIGHT, MRCP, FHRS, PhD and PROFESSOR MARK O’NEILL, DPhil, FRCP, FHRS. The Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm Management, 5 (2014), 1773–1780
[2] Cryoballoon Catheter Ablation in Atrial Fibrillation
Cevher Ozcan, Jeremy Ruskin, and MoussaMansour. SAGE-Hindawi Access to ResearchCardiology Research and PracticeVolume 2011, Article ID 256347, 6 pages doi:10.4061/2011/256347
[3] Increased Incidence of Esophageal Thermal Lesions using the 2nd-Generation 28-mm Cryoballoon
Andreas Metzner, MD; Andre Burchard, MD; Peter Wohlmuth; Peter Rausch, MD; Alexander Bardyszewski, MD; Christina Gienapp; Roland Richard Tilz, MD; Andreas Rillig, MD; Shibu Mathew, MD; Sebastian Deiss, MD; Hisaki Makimoto, MD; Feifan Ouyang, MD; Karl-Heinz Kuck, MD, PhD; Erik Wissner, MD. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2013;6:769-775.)
Andreas Rillig , Udo Meyerfeldt, Ralf Birkemeyer, StefanWiest, Bernd M. Sauer, Martin Staritz , and Werner Jung. Europace (2010) 12, 655–661doi:10.1093/europace/euq061
[5] The Esophogeal effects of cryoenergy during cryoablation for AF
Humera Ahmed, Petr Neuzil, Andre d’Avila, Yong-Mei Cha, Margaret Laragy, Karel Mares,William R Brugge, David G Forcione, Jeremy N Ruskin, Douglas L Packer, Vivek Y Reddy2009 Jul Heart Rhythm 2009 Jul 31;6(7):962-9. Epub 2009 Mar 31.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2010 Aug 1;21(8):853-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01742.x. Epub 2010 Mar 4. Tilz RR1, Chun KR, Metzner A, Burchard A, Wissner E, Koektuerk B, Konstantinidou M, Nuyens D, De Potter T, Neven K, Fürnkranz A, Ouyang F, Schmidt B.
[113] Current Abl Strategies for Persistent and Long-Standing persistent AF- 2014
Konstantinos P. Letsas, Michael Efremidis, Charalampos Charalampous, Spyros Tsikrikas, and Antonios Sideris Laboratory of Invasive Cardiac Electrophysiology, Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece Correspondence should be addressed to Konstantinos P. Letsas, k.letsas@mail.gr Received 29 October 2010; Revised 7 December 2010; Accepted 10 January 2011
Other Esophagus Devices
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[58] Complications Associated with the use of the Esophageal-Tracheal Combitube
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[59] Dilitation of Esophageal Stenosis by Balloon Catheter
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[60] Examining the Risks & Benefits of TEE During LACA
T. Jared Bunch, MD; John D. Day, MD. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2012;5:621-623.)
[61] Guidelines on the use of oesophageal dilatation in clinical practice
S A Riley, S E A Attwood. Gut 2004;53(Suppl I):i1–i61.0 INTRODUCTION.
[62] Safety of TEE A multicenter Survey of 10,419 Examinatins
Werner G. Daniel, MD; Raimund Erbel, MD; Wolfgang Kasper, MD; Cees A. Visser, MD; Rolf Engberding, MD; George R. Sutherland, MD; Eberhard Grube, MD; Peter Hanrath, MD; Bernhard Maisch, MD; Karl Dennig, MD; Michael Schartl, MD; Peter Kremer, MD; Christiane Angermann, MD; Sabino Iliceto, MD; Julius M. Curtius, MD; and Andreas MPgge, MD. Circulation Vol 83, No 3 March 1991
[63] TEE and its Potential for Esophageal Damage
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[64] TEE Related Complications
S K Mathur and Pooja Singh. Indian J Anaesth. 2009 Oct; 53(5): 567–574.
[65] The Safety of Intraoperative TEE- A Case Series of 7200 Cardiac Surgical Patients
Ian J. Kallmeyer, MB, ChB, Charles D. Collard, MD, John A. Fox, MD, Simon C. Body, MB, ChB and Stanton K. Shernan, MD. Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
Other Complications
[48] Complications of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Antonio Sorgente; Gian-Battista Chierchia; Carlo de Asmundis; Andrea Sarkozy; Lucio Capulzini; Pedro Brugada Disclosures Europace. 2011;13(11):1526-1532.
[49] Factors Asociated with Periesophageal Vagal Nerve Injury After PV Antrum Isolation
Shinsuke Miyazaki, MD; Hiroshi Taniguchi, MD; Shigeki Kusa, MD; Yuki Komatsu, MD; Noboru Ichihara, MD; Takamitsu Takagi, MD; Jin Iwasawa, MD; Akio Kuroi, MD; Hiroaki Nakamura, MD; Hitoshi Hachiya, MD; Kenzo Hirao, MD; Yoshito Iesaka, MD. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3:e001209 doi:10.1161/JAHA.114.001209)
[50] Gastroparesis- an under recognized complication
M. Garcia De Yebenes Castro, H. Arguedas, N. Calvo, L. Moreno, A. Esteban, N. Salterain, I. Garcia Bolao DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.P4123 P4123 First published online: 1 August 2013
[51] Mechanisms of phrenic nerve injury during RF Ablation at the pulmonary vein orifice
Bunch TJ, Bruce GK, Mahapatra S, Johnson SB, Miller DV, Sarabanda AV, Milton MA, Packer DL. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2005 Dec;16(12):1318-25.
[52] Pericardioesophageal Fistula Following LACA
Christopher W. Bailey1*, Robert J. Tallaksen1 1. Department of Radiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, West Virginia, USA * Correspondence: Christopher W. Bailey, WVU Department of Radiology, Room 2278 HSS, P.O. Box 9235, Morgantown, WV 26506-9000, USA (cwbailey@hsc.wvu.edu) Radiology Case. 2014 Oct; 8(10):23-31 :: DOI: 10.3941/jrcr.v8i10.1804
[53] Pulmonary Vein Stenosis Complicating Radiofrequency
Hai-Wen Lu, MD, Ping Wei, MD, Sen Jiang, MD, Shu-yi Gu, MD, Li-Chao Fan, MD, Shuo liang, MD, Xiaobin Ji, MD, Bhavana Rajbanshi, MD, and Jin-Fu Xu, MD, PhD. (Medicine 94(34):e1346)
[54] Severe Gastroparesis following RF Ablation for AF
Dong Seok Lee and Sang Jin Lee. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine Volume 2014, Article ID 923637, 6 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/923637
[56] Vagus Nerve injury after posterior atrial RF Ablation
T. Jared Bunch, MD, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, MD, FHRS, Douglas L. Packer, MD, FHRS, Samuel J. Asirvatham,. Heart Rhythm Society September 2008 Volume 5, Issue 9, Pages 1327–1330
[107] Radiographic contrast media: A new risk for pulmonary aspiration?
Joseph Eldor (1), Vladimir Kotlovker (2), Virgil Priscu (3)
Department of Anesthesia, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University and Hadassah, Rehovot, Israel
(1)(2) Senior staff Anesthesiologist (3) Head of Department
